Often referred to as the “forgotten” muscle, the psoas (pronounced so-az) is one of the most powerful and essential muscles in the human body.
Despite its importance, many people are unaware of its role in movement, posture, and overall health.
Located deep within the body, the psoas muscle has a significant influence on both the lower body and spine.
The psoas is a deep, large muscle that runs from the front of the lower spine through the pelvis and attaches to the thigh bone.
Because the psoas is located deep within the body, it’s not a muscle that is easily visible or accessible in everyday life. It connects the spine to the legs and plays a critical role in the movement and stability of both.
Hip Flexion
The psoas is a primary hip flexor, meaning it is responsible for lifting your thigh towards your torso. This movement is used in actions such as walking, running, sitting, and climbing stairs. A functional psoas muscle helps maintain a strong, aligned spine during these activities, creates efficient movement and reduces compensations and strain on other muscles or structure in the body.
Spinal Stability
In addition to its role in flexing the hip, the psoas plays an essential role in stabilizing the spine. It keeps the front wall of the lower back upright. This prevents either an over curve of the lower back or if it’s very tight, might flatten the lower back, reducing the natural curve of the lower back which is essential for aligned posture.
Breathing
The psoas muscle also plays a surprising role in breathing. It is located near the diaphragm, and when it’s tense or restricted, it can hinder full diaphragmatic breathing. Tight, weak psoas can reduce your ability to take deep breaths, impacting overall lung capacity and contributing to feelings of stress or anxiety.
Given the important functions of the psoas, it’s not surprising that when this muscle is weak or tight, it can lead to a range of issues.
The original pilates method movement principles incorporate specific psoas strengthening and lengthening exercises, with the principle of breath control at the foundation of these exercises.
The psoas may be out of sight, but it should never be out of mind! As one of the most important muscles in the body, its influence on movement and health should not be underestimated.
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